The font
property in CSS is used to define the appearance of text content. It controls aspects like font family, size, weight, style, and more. Here’s a detailed guide for beginners to understand and use the font
property effectively.
1. Font Family
The font-family
property specifies the typeface of the text. You can list multiple fonts as a “fallback” system. If the browser doesn’t support the first font, it tries the next one.
Syntax:
font-family: "Helvetica", "Arial", sans-serif;
Example:
<p style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;">This is a paragraph with a monospace font.</p>
2. Font Size:
The font-size
property defines the size of the text. You can specify it in various units like pixels (px
), ems (em
), percentages (%
), etc.
Syntax:
font-size: 16px;
Example:
<p style="font-size: 20px;">This text is 20 pixels in size.</p>
3. Font Style
The font-style
property allows you to make text italic or normal.
Values:
normal
: Default text style.italic
: Italicized text.oblique
: Slanted text.
Syntax:
font-style: italic;
4. Font Weight
The font-weight
property specifies the thickness of the font characters.
Values:
normal
: Default weight.bold
: Bold text.lighter
: Lighter than normal.bolder
: Bolder than normal.- Numeric values:
100
(thin) to900
(extra bold).
Syntax:
font-weight: bold;
Example:
<p style="font-weight: bold;">This text is bold.</p>
5. Font Variant
The font-variant
property is used to display text in a small-caps font.
Values:
normal
: Default text.small-caps
: Small caps text.
Syntax:
font-variant: small-caps;
Example:
<p style="font-variant: small-caps;">This text is in small caps.</p>
6. Shorthand Font Property
The font
property is a shorthand for setting the style, variant, weight, size, line height, and family in a single declaration.
Syntax:
font: italic small-caps bold 16px/1.5 "Helvetica", sans-serif;
Order of values:
font-style
font-variant
font-weight
font-size
/line-height
font-family
Example:
<p style="font: italic bold 20px/1.5 'Arial', sans-serif;">This is a complex font example.</p>
Key Points to Remember:
- Always provide a fallback font in case the primary font is not supported.
- Use relative units (
em
,%
) for responsive design. - Combine
font
properties using the shorthand to keep your CSS clean and concise.
With these fundamentals, you can style text effectively in your web projects!