CSS has evolved significantly since its inception, with each version introducing new features and improvements. Here is an overview of the different versions of CSS:
CSS1
- Released: December 1996
- Features: Basic styling for HTML elements, including text properties (font, color, spacing) and basic layout features (margins, borders, padding).
CSS2
- Released: May 1998
- Features: Added support for media-specific styles (print, screen), absolute and relative positioning, z-index, and improved styling for tables.
CSS2.1
- Released: June 2011 (as a W3C Recommendation)
- Features: Refined and corrected errors in CSS2, improved support for the box model, and introduced new selectors.
CSS3
- Released: June 1999 (initial drafts) to June 2016 (as a W3C Recommendation)
- Features: Modularized into separate documents called “modules,” allowing independent updates. Introduced features like border-radius, box-shadow, gradients, transitions, animations, flexbox, and grid layout.
CSS4
- Status: Not officially a standalone version, but an ongoing set of new features and specifications built on CSS3. Commonly referred to as “CSS Level 4” for specific modules.
- Features: Includes enhancements to existing modules and new features such as CSS Grid Layout Level 2, Custom Properties (variables), and improved selectors.
Why Understanding CSS Versions Matters
- Browser Compatibility: Different browsers support different versions of CSS. Understanding which features are supported can help ensure your website functions correctly across various browsers.
- Progressive Enhancement: By understanding the capabilities of different CSS versions, you can progressively enhance your website, providing a basic experience for older browsers while offering advanced features to newer ones.