This list includes common jQuery interview questions that can help beginners, intermediate, and advanced developers prepare for job interviews. Each question is followed by a detailed explanation or example.
Basic Level Questions
1. What is jQuery? Why is it used?
Answer:
jQuery is a lightweight, fast, and feature-rich JavaScript library. It simplifies tasks like DOM manipulation, event handling, animations, and AJAX interactions, making JavaScript code more concise and easier to write.
Key Benefits:
- Simplifies JavaScript code.
- Cross-browser compatibility.
- Extensive plugin support.
2. How do you include jQuery in a web page?
Answer:
You can include jQuery by either downloading it or using a CDN (Content Delivery Network).
Example with a CDN:
<script src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-3.6.4.min.js"></script>
3. What is the difference between $(this)
and this
?
Answer:
this
: Refers to the DOM element.$(this)
: Converts the DOM element into a jQuery object, enabling access to jQuery methods.
Example:
<button id="btn">Click Me</button> <script> $("#btn").click(function() { console.log(this); // Logs the DOM element console.log($(this)); // Logs the jQuery object }); </script>
4. What is the difference between $(document).ready()
and window.onload
?
Answer:
$(document).ready()
: Executes when the DOM is fully loaded, even if images or external resources are still loading.window.onload
: Executes only after the entire page, including images and resources, is fully loaded.
5. How can you hide an HTML element in jQuery?
Answer:
You can use the .hide()
method:
$("#myElement").hide();
Intermediate Level Questions
6. What is the difference between empty()
, remove()
, and detach()
in jQuery?
Answer:
empty()
: Removes all child elements from the selected element but keeps the parent.remove()
: Removes the element and its child elements from the DOM.detach()
: Similar toremove()
but retains the data and events for re-insertion.
Example:
<div id="parent"> <p>Child 1</p> <p>Child 2</p> </div> <script> $("#parent").empty(); // Removes child elements but keeps <div id="parent"> $("#parent").remove(); // Removes the entire <div id="parent"> $("#parent").detach(); // Removes but keeps events and data </script>
7. What are jQuery selectors?
Answer:
Selectors in jQuery are used to select and manipulate HTML elements. They are based on CSS selectors.
Example:
$("#id")
: Selects an element by ID.$(".class")
: Selects elements by class.$("div")
: Selects all<div>
elements.
8. What is the difference between .bind()
, .on()
, and .off()
in jQuery?
Answer:
.bind()
: Attaches an event handler to elements (deprecated in jQuery 3.x)..on()
: A replacement for.bind()
. It can delegate events to dynamically added elements..off()
: Removes event handlers attached with.on()
or.bind()
.
Example:
$("#btn").on("click", function() { alert("Button clicked!"); });
9. What is the purpose of the jQuery.noConflict()
method?
Answer:
jQuery.noConflict()
is used to avoid conflicts with other JavaScript libraries using the $
variable.
Example:
jQuery.noConflict(); jQuery("#myElement").hide(); // Use `jQuery` instead of `$`
10. How do you perform an AJAX request in jQuery?
Answer: Use the $.ajax()
method.
Example:
$.ajax({ url: "example.php", method: "GET", success: function(response) { console.log(response); } });
Advanced Level Questions
11. How can you optimize jQuery performance?
Answer:
- Use ID selectors instead of class selectors for better performance.
- Cache jQuery objects (e.g.,
var $element = $("#id");
). - Use event delegation with
.on()
for dynamic elements. - Minimize DOM manipulations by batching changes.
- Use native JavaScript where possible for critical performance.
12. What are jQuery deferred objects?
Answer:
Deferred objects are used to handle asynchronous operations in jQuery. They work with promises.
Example:
var deferred = $.Deferred(); deferred.done(function() { console.log("Operation successful!"); }).fail(function() { console.log("Operation failed."); }); // Simulate success deferred.resolve();
13. What is the difference between .prop()
and .attr()
?
Answer:
.prop()
: Used to get or set DOM properties..attr()
: Used to get or set HTML attributes.
Example:
<input type="checkbox" id="chk" checked> <script> console.log($("#chk").prop("checked")); // true console.log($("#chk").attr("checked")); // "checked" </script>
14. How do you create a jQuery plugin?
Answer:
jQuery.fn.myPlugin = function() { this.css("color", "red"); return this; }; // Usage $("p").myPlugin();
15. What is the use of jQuery.each()
?
Answer:
$.each()
is used to iterate over arrays or objects.
Example:
$.each([1, 2, 3], function(index, value) { console.log("Index:", index, "Value:", value); });
Scenario-Based Questions
16. How would you delegate a click event to dynamically created elements?
Answer: Use .on()
to bind events to parent elements and delegate them to child elements.
Example:
<div id="container"></div> <script> $("#container").on("click", ".child", function() { alert("Child clicked!"); }); // Dynamically adding a child element $("#container").append('<div class="child">Click me</div>'); </script>
17. How would you stop an animation in jQuery?
Answer: Use the .stop()
method.
$("#box").stop(true, true); // Stops the animation immediately
Key Tips for Interview Success
- Practice writing jQuery code for real-world scenarios.
- Be clear on differences between properties, methods, and events.
- Understand performance optimization techniques.
- Prepare for integration-related questions (e.g., using jQuery with AJAX or other libraries).