JavaScript Operators

In JavaScript, operators are symbols or keywords used to perform operations on operands (values or variables). They can manipulate data, perform calculations, or compare values. Here’s an overview of common JavaScript operators for beginners:

1. Arithmetic Operators

Used for performing mathematical calculations.

Operator	Description	Example	Result
+	Addition	5 + 3	8
-	Subtraction	5 - 3	2
*	Multiplication	5 * 3	15
/	Division	5 / 3	1.67
%	Modulus (remainder)	5 % 3	2
**	Exponentiation	5 ** 3	125

2. Assignment Operators

Used to assign values to variables.

Operator	Description	Example	Result
=	Assignment	x = 5	x is 5
+=	Addition assignment	x += 3	x = x + 3
-=	Subtraction assignment	x -= 3	x = x - 3
*=	Multiplication assignment	x *= 3	x = x * 3
/=	Division assignment	x /= 3	x = x / 3
%=	Modulus assignment	x %= 3	x = x % 3

3. Comparison Operators

Used to compare values and return a boolean (true or false).

Operator	Description	Example	Result
==	Equal to	5 == "5"	true
===	Strict equal (value and type)	5 === "5"	false
!=	Not equal	5 != "5"	false
!==	Strict not equal	5 !== "5"	true
>	Greater than	5 > 3	true
<	Less than	5 < 3	false
>=	Greater than or equal to	5 >= 3	true
<=	Less than or equal to	5 <= 3	false

4.Logical Operators

Used to perform logical operations and combine multiple conditions.

Operator	Description	Example	Result
&&	Logical AND	true && false	false
`		`	Logical OR
!	Logical NOT	!true	false

5. Bitwise Operators

Operate on binary representations of numbers.

Operator	Description	Example	Result
&	AND	5 & 3	1
`	`	OR	`5
^	XOR	5 ^ 3	6
~	NOT	~5	-6
<<	Left shift	5 << 1	10
>>	Right shift	5 >> 1	2

6. String Operators

Used to concatenate strings.

Operator	Description	Example	Result
+	Concatenation	"Hello" + " World"	"Hello World"

7. Type Operators

Used to determine or convert types.

Operator	Description	Example	Result
typeof	Returns the type of a variable	typeof 5	"number"
instanceof	Checks if an object is an instance of a class	x instanceof Array	true or false

8. Conditional (Ternary) Operator

A shorthand for if–else.

Operator	Description	Example	Result
condition ? expr1 : expr2	Returns expr1 if the condition is true, otherwise expr2	5 > 3 ? "Yes" : "No"	"Yes"

9. Comma Operator

Evaluates multiple expressions and returns the last expression.

Operator	Description	Example	Result
,	Comma	x = (2, 3, 4)	4

Summary

JavaScript operators are essential tools for performing operations on variables and values. By understanding these operators, beginners can effectively manipulate data, perform calculations, and control the flow of their programs.